“Yet Hasan also posed the question of why Trump, and Rogers, were lying, drawing viewers' attention to the larger issue of Trump requiring others to cover for him to prove their loyalty. His comment, " Sorry, Stephen, that's not what he said. I know it's difficult for you. I know you want to try to defend him," put the focus on Rogers's complicity with this corruption. "I am not going to say the president of the United States is a liar. I'm not going to do that," Rogers responded, confirming his own predicament.”

“…it's best to expose the manipulation process, rather than fight the specific manipulation. And if there is an audience, direct those exposés to it, not back to the propagandist.”

“When we hear a lie, our instinct is to correct it with the truth, but this enters us into a situation of "he said, she said." Instead, we might try a tactic that I call "exposing the device": rather than refute the lie, talk about the reason the lie exists - what larger political goals it serves.”

“Disinformation research shows that first exposure matters more in forming opinions than any subsequent refutation or correction. So, starve, don't feed, their lies and attempts to get attention…”