A binary is a system composed of two parts--a duality, a pair. In developmental biology, sex is binary. Here’s why.
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A binary is a system composed of two parts--a duality, a pair. In developmental biology, sex is binary. Here’s why.
Download the transcripts to our videos from our website:
https://www.theparadoxinstitute.com/
Sources:
[1] Kumar et al. (2019). Anisogamy. Encyclopedia of Animal Cognition and Behavior.
[2] Lehtonen, J., Parker, G. (2014). Gamete competition, gamete limitation, and the evolution of two sexes. Molecular Human Reproduction, 20(12).
[3] Cox, P., Togashi, T. (2011). The Evolution of Anisogamy, A Fundamental Phenomenon Underlying Sexual Selection. New York Cambridge University Press. 17.
[4] Czaran, T., Hoekstra. R. (2004). Evolution of sexual asymmetry. BMC Evolutionary Biology, 4(34).
[5] Kodric-Brown et al. (1987). Anisogamy, sexual selection, and the evolution and maintenance of sex. Evolutionary Ecology, 1, 95-105.
[6] Sax, L. (2002). How common is lntersex? A response to Anne Fausto‐Sterling.
[7] Wright, C. & Hilton, E. (2020). The Dangerous Denial of Sex. Wall Street Journal.
[8] Jones, R., Lopez, K. (2014). Chapter 5: Sexual differentiation. Human Reproductive Biology, 4th edition. Elsevier. 95.
[9] Sekido, R., Lovell-Badge, R. (2009) Sex determination and SRY, Down to a wink and a nudge. Trends in Genetics, 25(1).
[10] Kashimada, K., Koopman, P. (2010). Sry, the master switch in mammalian sex determination. Development, 137.
[11] Kimball, J. (2020). Sex chromosomes. LibreText.org.
[12] Gilbert, SF. (2000). Chromosomal sex determination in mammals. Developmental Biology, 6th edition. Sunderland (MA), Sinauer Associates.
[13] Wizemann, TM., Pardue ML, editors. (2001). Sex begins in the womb. Exploring the biological contributions to human health: Does sex matter? US Institute of Medicine.
[14] Carlson, B. (2014). Chapter 16, Urogenital System. Human Embryology and Developmental Biology. 404-407.
[15] Witchel, S. (2017). Disorders of sex development. Best Practice and Research in Clinical Obstetrics and Gynaecology, 48, 90-102.
[16] Heying, H. (2019) Boundaries in biology are fuzzy, but gametes aren't. Twitter.
[https://twitter.com/HeatherEHeying/status/1211868947227660288?s=20]
[17] Graham, C. (2019). Is sex a spectrum? Sex determination and differentiation. MRKHVoice.
[18] Bachtrog, D., et al. (2014). Sex determination, Why so many ways of doing it. PLOS Biology, 12(7).
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